The California Energy Commission and California Public Utilities Commission proposed “default” emissions factors for carbon dioxide emissions attributable to purchases of power from unspecified generation sources made both in and out of state. The agencies outlined their recommendations June 20. The factors would be used to determine emissions in mandatory reports the power industry would have to file under AB 32, the state’s climate protection law. They also would be used to determine the quantity of emission credits companies would need in any carbon cap-and-trade market the state may establish under the law. For purchases from the California Independent System Operator real-time energy pool power, the agencies recommends a default emission rate of 900 lbs/MWh of CO2. The factor for both CAISO integrated forward market power and other in-state unspecified power would be 1,000 lbs/MWh of CO2. Out-of-state energy would be subject to different emissions factors. The factor for Northwest unspecified power would be 419 lbs/MWh. The rate would be lower because 60 percent of the energy from the Northwest is “carbon free,” according to the agencies. Unspecified Southwest energy--90 percent of which is made from gas and 10 percent from coal--would have a factor of 1,075 lbs/MWh. Emissions related to energy purchases from specific generating plants would be calculated based on plant-specific factors. The paper noted that CO2 emissions from out- of-state coal plants ranges between 2,017 and 2,263 lbs/MWh.